What type of offense is defined by legislation and can lead to criminal charges?

The correct answer is "Crime" because it specifically refers to actions or conduct that are prohibited by law and can be prosecuted by the government. Crimes are categorized as offenses against the state or public and can lead to criminal charges, which may result in penalties such as fines, imprisonment, or community service. Legislation defines various types of crimes, establishing what is considered unlawful behavior and the corresponding penalties.

In contrast, torts are civil wrongs that cause harm or loss to individuals, leading to lawsuits for damages but not criminal prosecution. Liability refers to being legally responsible for something, often used in the context of torts or contracts, but does not imply criminal behavior. Contract breaches relate to failing to adhere to the terms of a contract and may result in civil lawsuits rather than criminal consequences.